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Workflow at its simplest is the movement of documents and/or tasks through a work process. More specifically, workflow is the operational aspect of a work procedure: how tasks are structured, who performs them, what their relative order is, how they are synchronized, how information flows to support the tasks and how tasks are being tracked. As the dimension of time is considered in Workflow, Workflow considers "throughput" as a distinct measure. Workflow problems can be modeled and analyzed using Petri nets.
While the concept of workflow is not specific to information technology, support for workflow is an integral part of document management and imaging software.
Distinction can be made between "scientific" and "business" workflow paradigms. While the former is mostly concerned with throughput of data through various algorithms, applications and services, the latter concentrates on scheduling task executions, including dependencies which are not necessarily data-driven and may include human agents.
Scientific workflows found wide acceptance in the fields of bioinformatics and cheminformatics in the early 2000s, where they successfully met the need for multiple interconnected tools, handling of multiple data formats and large data quantities. Also, the paradigm of scientific workflows was close to the well-established tradition of Perl scripting in life-science research organizations, so this adoption represented a natural step forward towards a more structured infrastructure setup.
Business workflows are more generic, being able to represent any structuring of tasks, and are equally applicable to task scheduling within a software application server and organizing a paper or electronic document trail within an organization. Their origins date back to the 1970s, when they were purely paper-based, and the principles from that period made the transition to modern IT infrastructure systems.
As a way of bridging the gap between the two, significant effort is being put into defining workflow patterns that can be used to compare and contrast different workflow engines across both of these domains.
Contents
- 1 Workflow systems
- 2 See also
- 3 References
- 4 External links
- 4.1 Resources
- 4.2 Tools for business workflow
- 4.3 Tools for scientific workflow
- 4.4 Articles
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Workflow systems
Workflow diagram systems are defined as "systems that help organizations to specify, execute, monitor, and coordinate the flow of work cases within a distributed office environment". Workflow diagrams rely on the use of standardized graphical notations to describe workflow structures. The Business Process Modeling Notation is an example of this system.
The system contains two basic components: first component is the workflow modeling component (sometimes called the specification module or the build time system), which enables administrations and analysts to define process and activities, analyze and simulate them, and assign them to people. The second component is the workflow execution component, sometimes called the run-time system. The run-time system most often consists of an execution interface seen by end-users and a workflow engine. The workflow engine is an execution environment which assists or performs the coordination of processes and activities.
See also
- Computer-supported collaboration
- Business Process Management
- Business process modeling
- Enterprise content management
- Job Definition Format
- Workflow OSID
References
- Layna Fischer: Workflow Handbook 2005, Future Strategies, ISBN 0-9703509-8-8
- Layna Fischer: Excellence in Practice, Volume V: Innovation and Excellence in Workflow and Business Process Management, ISBN 0-9703509-5-3
- Holly Yu: Content and Work Flow Management for Library Websites: Case Studies, Information Science Publishing, ISBN 1591405343
- Wil van der Aalst, Kees van Hee: Workflow Management: Models, Methods, and Systems, B&T, ISBN 0-262-72046-9
- Marlon Dumas, Wil van der Aalst, Arthur ter Hofstede: Process-Aware Information Systems, Wiley, ISBN 0-471-66306-9
- Setrag Khoshafian, Marek Buckiewicz: Introduction to Groupware, Workflow and Workgroup Computing, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-02946-7
- Rashid N. Kahn: Understanding Workflow Automation: A Guide to Enhancing Customer Loyalty, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-061918-3
- Dan C. Marinescu: Internet-Based Workflow Management: Towards a Semantic Web, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-43962-2
- Frank Leymann, Dieter Roller: Production Workflow: Concepts and Techniques, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-021753-0
- Michael Jackson, Graham Twaddle: Business Process Implementation: Building Workflow Systems, Addison-Wesley, ISBN 0-201-17768-4
- Alec Sharp, Patrick McDermott: Workflow Modeling, Artech House Publishers, ISBN 1-58053-021-4
- Toni Hupp: Designing Work Groups, Jobs, and Work Flow, Pfeiffer & Company, ISBN 0-7879-0063-X
- Gary Poyssick, Steve Hannaford: Workflow Reengineering, Adobe, ISBN 1568302657
- Dave Chaffey: Groupware, Workflow and Intranets: Reengineering the Enterprise with Collaborative Software, Digital Press, ISBN 1-55558-184-6
- Wolfgang Gruber: Modeling and Transformation of Workflows With Temporal Constraints, IOS Press, ISBN 1586034162
- Andrzej Cichocki, Marek Rusinkiewicz, Darrell Woelk: Workflow and Process Automation Concepts and Technology, Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 0792380991
- Alan R. Simon, William Marion: Workgroup Computing: Workflow, Groupware, and Messaging, McGraw-Hill, ISBN 0070576289
- Penny Ann Dolin: Exploring Digital Workflow, Delmar Thomson Learning, ISBN 1-4018-9654-5
- Gary Poyssick: Managing Digital Workflow, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0130109118
- Frank J. Romano: PDF Printing & Workflow, Prentice Hall, ISBN 013020837X
- James G. Kobielus: Workflow Strategies, Hungry Minds, ISBN 0764530127
- Alan Rickayzen, Jocelyn Dart, Carsten Brennecke: Practical Workflow for SAP, Galileo, ISBN 159229006X
- Alan Pelz-Sharpe, Angela Ashenden: E-process: Workflow for the E-business, Ovum, ISBN 1902566653
- Stanislaw Wrycza: Systems Development Methods for Databases, Enterprise Modeling, and Workflow Management, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, ISBN 0-306-46299-0
- Database Support for Workflow Management, Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 0-7923-8414-8
- Clarence A. Ellis: Workflow technology, Computer Supported Co-operative Work, M. Beaudouin-Lafon (ed.), John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, 1999, pp. 29-54
- Matthew Searle: Developing With Oracle Workflow
External links
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Resources
- Open Source Workflow written in Java - A list of Open Source Workflow Engines that are written in the Java language.
- Workflow Management Coalition sets standards in areas of terminology, interoperability and connectivity between workflow products
Tools for business workflow
- Captaris Workflow, a workflow product, formerly known as Teamplate, from Captaris
- CoMo-Kit
- Eclaire
- EventStudio - Workflows as Sequence Diagrams
- Interstage BPM - a web based workflow product from Fujitsu Interstage
- JBoss jBPM - Packaged as a simple Java library, jBPM can be used standalone in a Java program or within a J2EE application server.
- Lombardi Software TeamWorks a complete workflow and Business Process Management Suite with graphical modeling, business rules, task management, event monitoring, system integration, and reporting.
- OpenSymphony - an Open Source workflow core
- Oracle BPEL Process Manager is a BPEL standard based workflow product from Oracle Corporation. Oracle also had a database product for workflow known as Oracle Workflow but it has been discontinued.
- Process Integration in SAP NetWeaver including SAP Business Workflow and SAP Exchange Infrastructure.
- WebSphere MQ Workflow a workflow product from IBM.
- Windows Workflow Foundation . Microsoft's add-on developer components, for its Vista Operating System.
Objectweb-hosted software
- Bonita is an open source Cooperative Workflow System from ObjectWeb
- Enhydra Shark Open Source Java/XML Workflow Engine
Sourceforge-hosted software
- Business Integration Engine (BIE), a full-featured EAI server.
- OpenWFE is an Open source WorkFlow Engine for Java, Python or .NET applications
- PL/FLOW workflow engine written in PL/SQL.
- YAWL A Workflow Patterns compliant Web-Service oriented Workflow Engine written in Java.
Tools for scientific workflow
- Taverna Open-source workflow system particularly focussed on bioinformatics applications
- Scientific Process Automation, a Problem Solving Environment for scientists, based on Ptolemy II
- JOpera Visual development and debugging environment for scientific workflows fully integrated with Eclipse.
Articles
- Workflow patterns
- "Knowledge Based Techniques to Increase the Flexibility of Workflow Management" by Barbara Dellen, Frank Maurer, Gerhard Pews
- The State of Workflow May 2004 article by Tom Baeyens
- Business Process Modelling vs. Workflow Management
- TYPO3 Enterprise Workflow Project
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "workflow".
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