misspelledsearch.com:

total quality management

information page

If you cannot find the information you are searching for on this page, we suggest searching Google with the correct spelling "total quality management":

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a management strategy aimed at embedding awareness of quality in all organizational processes. TQM has been widely used in manufacturing, education, government, and service industries, as well as NASA space and science programs.

Definition

As defined by the Deming Prize Committee of the Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers (JUSE):

"TQM is a set of systematic activities carried out by the entire organization to effectively and efficiently achieve company objectives so as to provide products and services with a level of quality that satisfies customers, at the appropriate time and price." [1]

In Japanese, TQM comprises four process steps, namely:

1. Kaizen – Focuses on Continuous Process Improvement, to make processes visible, repeatable and measureable.
2. Atarimae Hinshitsu – Focuses on intangible effects on processes and ways to optimize and reduce their effects.
3. Kansei – Examining the way the user applies the product leads to improvement in the product itself.
4. Miryokuteki Hinshisu – Broadens management concern beyond the immediate product.

TQM requires that the company maintains this quality standard in all aspects of its business. This requires ensuring that things are done right the first time and that defects and waste are eliminated from operations.

Origins

Although W. Edwards Deming is largely credited with igniting the quality revolution in Japan starting in 1946 and trying to bring it to the United States in the 1980s, Armand V. Feigenbaum was developing a similar set of principles at General Electric in the United States at around the same time. "Total Quality Control" was the key concept of Feigenbaum's 1951 book, Quality Control: Principles, Practice, and Administration, a book that was subsequently released in 1961 under the title, Total Quality Control (ISBN 0070203539). Joseph Juran, Philip B. Crosby, and Kaoru Ishikawa also contributed to the body of knowledge now known as TQM.

The American Society for Quality says that the term Total Quality Management was first used by the U.S. Naval Air Systems Command "to describe its Japanese-style management approach to quality improvement."[2] This is consistent with the story that the United States Department of the Navy Personnel Research and Development Center began researching the use of statistical process control (SPC), the work of Juran, Crosby, and Ishikawa, and the philosophy of Deming to make performance improvements in 1984. This approach was first tested at the North Island Naval Aviation Depot.

In his paper, "The Making of TQM: History and Margins of the Hi(gh)-Story" from 1994, Xu claims that "Total Quality Control" is translated incorrectly from Japanese since there is no difference between the words "control" and "management" in Japanese. William Golimski refers to Koji Kobayashi, former CEO at NEC, being the first to use TQM, which he did during a speech when he got the Deming prize in 1974.

TQM in manufacturing

Quality assurance through statistical methods is a key component in a manufacturing organization, where TQM generally starts by sampling a random selection of the product. The sample can then be tested for things that matter most to the end users. The causes of any failures are isolated, secondary measures of the production process are designed, and then the causes of the failure are corrected. The statistical distributions of important measurements are tracked. When parts' measures drift into a defined "error band", the process is fixed. The error band is usually a tighter distribution than the "failure band", so that the production process is fixed before failing parts can be produced.

It is important to record not just the measurement ranges, but what failures caused them to be chosen. In that way, cheaper fixes can be substituted later (say, when the product is redesigned) with no loss of quality. After TQM has been in use, it's very common for parts to be redesigned so that critical measurements either cease to exist, or become much wider.

It took people a while to develop tests to find emergent problems. One popular test is a "life test" in which the sample product is operated until a part fails. Another popular test is called "shake and bake", in which the product is mounted on a vibrator in an environmental oven, and operated at progressively more extreme vibration and temperatures until something fails. The failure is then isolated and engineers design an improvement.

A commonly-discovered failure is for the product to disintegrate. If fasteners fail, the improvements might be to use measured-tension nutdrivers to ensure that screws don't come off, or improved adhesives to ensure that parts remain glued.

If a gearbox wears out first, a typical engineering design improvement might be to substitute a brushless stepper motor for a DC motor with a gearbox. The improvement is that a stepper motor has no brushes or gears to wear out, so it lasts ten or more times as long. The stepper motor is more expensive than a DC motor, but cheaper than a DC motor combined with a gearbox. The electronics is radically different, but equally expensive. One disadvantage might be that a stepper motor can hum or whine, and usually needs noise-isolating mounts.

Often, a "TQMed" product is cheaper to produce because of efficiency/performance improvements and because there's no need to repair dead-on-arrival products, which represents an immensely more desirable product.

See also

• Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA)
• European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM),
• Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers (JUSE),
• Management models and Business models,
• Process improvement
• Business Process Improvement Pattern
• Quality Function Deployment
• Reengineering

• Six Sigma
• Statistical process control

• Hawthorne effect
• ISO 9000

References

• Bergman, Bo & Klefsjö,Bengt, Kvalitet - från behov till användning, ISBN 91-44-01917-3, Studentlitteratur: Sweden, Lund,2001.
• "A Few Words about TQM" by John Stark, John Stark Associates, retrieved December 5, 2005.

External links

• Practicing Continuous Improvement in the Classroom – paper by Sid Sytsma, Professor of Statistics and Quantitative Methods College of Business – Ferris State University
• Total Quality Management in Libraries
• PHS TQM Training Article

This total quality management index site has been developed to help wayward users find the information they are looking for, no matter how they are mistakenly spelled or mistyped. This site is designed to help users find total quality management information for the following query variants:

total quality	total quality managment	total quality manageent	total quality managemnt
total quality managemet	total quality mnagement	total quality maagement	total quality mangement
total quality manaement	total quality managemant	total quality managemeignt	total quality managemiegnt
total quality managmen	total quality managemen	total quality manageen	total quality managemin
total quality managemn	total quality manageman	total quality managemeign	total quality managemiegn
total quality mnagemen	total quality maagemen	total quality mangemen	total quality manaemen
total quality namagement	total quality mamagement	total quality managemetn	total quality managemnet
total quality manageemnt	total quality managmeent	total quality manaegment	total quality mangaement
total quality maangement	total quality mnaagement	total quality amnagement	total quality anagement
total management	total qualiy management	total qwalitie management	total qualitie management
total qwilitie management	total quilitie management	total qwaritie management	total kwalitie management
total kwilitie management	total quaritie management	total qality management	total kwaritie management
total qulity management	total qwality management	total quaity management	total qwility management
total qualty management	total qwarity management	total quility management	total kwality management
total kwility management	total quarity management	total kwarity management	total quirity management
total quiritie management	total qualit management	total quarit management	total kwalit management
total kwarit management	total qwalit management	total qwarit management	total quilit management
total quirit management	total quaiity management	total quallty management	total qualiyt management
total qualtiy management	total quailty management	total qulaity management	total qaulity management
total uqality management	total uality management	quality management	totar quality management
totel quality management	tota quality management	toal quality management	toar quality management
totai quality management	totla quality management	toatl quality management	ttoal quality management
ottal quality management	totl quality management	ttal quality management	otal quality management

If you would like to add or correct the content of this site, or if you are interested in supporting the efforts of misspelledsearch.com by placing your product information on these total quality management pages, please contact mistype@gmail.com for details.