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For the Star Trek character, see Q (Star Trek).

Latin alphabet
	Aa	Bb	Cc	Dd
Ee	Ff	Gg	Hh	Ii	Jj
Kk	Ll	Mm	Nn	Oo	Pp
Qq	Rr	Ss	Tt	Uu	Vv
	Ww	Xx	Yy	Zz

Q is the seventeenth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is cue, occasionally spelled cu.

1 History
2 Usage
3 Codes for computing
4 Meanings for Q
5 Q trivia
6 See also

History

Egyptian hieroglyph wj

Phoenician Q

Etruscan Q

Greek Qoppa

The Semitic sound value of Qôp (perhaps originally qaw cord, and possibly based on an Egyptian hieroglyph) was /q/ (voiceless uvular plosive), a sound common to Semitic languages, but not found in English or most Indo-European ones. In Greek, this sign as Qoppa Ϙ probably came to represent several labialized velar plosives, among them /kʷ/ and /kʷʰ/. As a result of later sound shifts, these sounds in Greek changed to /p/ and /pʰ/ respectively. Therefore, Qoppa was transformed into two letters: Qoppa, which stood for a number only, and Phi Φ which stood for the aspirated sound /pʰ/ that came to be pronounced /f/ in Modern Greek. The Etruscans used Q only in conjunction with V, symbolizing thus a /kʷ/. Some scholars claim that Q and Phi are unrelated.

Usage

In most modern western languages written in latin script, such as in Romance and Germanic languages Q appears almost exclusively in the digraph QU, though see: Q without U. In English this digraph most often denotes the cluster /kw/, as it does in Italian (where [w] is an allophone of /u/); in German, /kv/; and in French, Spanish, and Catalan, /k/. (In Spanish and in French, qu replaces c for /k/ before the vowels i and e, since in those contexts c is a fricative.) In the Aymara, Azeri, Uzbek, Quechua, and Tatar languages, Q is a voiceless uvular plosive. q is also used in IPA for the voiceless uvular plosive, as well as in most transliteration schemes of Semitic languages for the "emphatic" qōp sound.

In Maltese and Võro, Q denotes the glottal stop.

In Chinese Hanyu Pinyin, Q is used to represent the sound [tɕʰ], which is close to English "ch" in "cheese".

Codes for computing

Alternative representations for Q

NATO phonetic

Morse code

Quebec
––·–

●	●
●	●
●	○

Signal flag

Semaphore

ASL Manual

Braille

In Unicode the capital Q is codepoint U+0051 and the lowercase q is U+0071.

The ASCII code for capital Q is 81 and for lowercase q is 113; or in binary 01010001 and 01110001, correspondingly.

The EBCDIC code for capital Q is 216 and for lowercase q is 152.

The numeric character references in HTML and XML are "Q" and "q" for upper and lower case respectively.

Meanings for Q

In astronomy,
- Q stands for an August 16 through 31 discovery, in the provisional designation of a comet (e.g. C/2004 Q2, Comet Machholz) or asteroid (e.g. (4123) 1986 QP₁).
- q stands for the perihelion distance of an orbit (mostly for cometary orbits).
In biblical criticism, Q is an abbreviation used by scholars of the New Testament to describe the Q document, a hypothetical lost written "source" (German, Quelle, hence, Q) behind the Synoptic Gospels.
In biochemistry, Q is the symbol for glutamine.
In chemistry, Q is a symbol for the reaction quotient.
In chess, Q is a notation symbol for the queen piece
In computing:
- Q is an "equational programming language"; see Q programming language.
- Q is the runtime component of the QSDK.
In electrical engineering, Q is a symbol for characterizing electronic filters and other resonant systems; see Q factor. Q stands for quality. It is also used for electric charge, as in physics.
In English, Q can be an abbreviation for 'question', as in Q&A and FAQ.
In film, Q is a character in the James Bond series; see Q (James Bond) (see also: science fiction, below).
In finance, Q is the U.S. ticker symbol for Qwest Communications International Inc.
In international licence plate codes, Q stands for Qatar.
Q is the equivalent of the number 87 in the story The Game by Griselda Holshed, an international best seller. It is significant because jilu the main character has to determine the predisposition of the letter before he can overcome the quantitive force of 87 in the mean.
In Financial economics q stands for Tobin's-q.
In literature,
- Q is the title of a historical novel by Luther Blissett; see Q (novel).
- Q is the pen name of writer Arthur Quiller-Couch.
- Q is the leading character in the famous Chinese novel A True Story of Ah Q by Lu Xun. Because of this novel, "Ah Q" in China means someone who always claims spiritual victory despite frequent defeat.
In marketing, Q is sometimes used as a synonym for Q Score
In mathematics, blackboard bold denotes the set of all rational numbers, while q is sometimes used as a variable standing for a single arbitrary prime number that is somehow larger than a prime number p. For example, q = 2p + 1 and .
- In Mathematica, the Q in a command of the form PropertyQ[argument] means that the built-in function is a Boolean function that tests whether or not the argument has the named property. For example, IntegerQ[4] and PrimeQ[7] are both true. Some users use this convention for custom functions they create, for example, eisensteinIntegerQ[4 + 7ω] and safePrimeQ[47].
In mechanical engineering and civil engineering, Q is the symbol for volumetric flow rate.
In medicine, Q is a bacterial infection; see Q fever. "q" also is a medical abbreviation for every, often used to specify drug dosing schedules (e.g., q6h indicates every 6 hours; q4w indicates 4 times per week).
In military science, Q is the name for anti-submarine ships; see Q-ship.
In phonetics, lowercase [q] is the International Phonetic Alphabet symbol for the voiceless uvular plosive.
In physics, Q is a symbol for electric charge or heat.
In fusion power, Q is the symbol for the fusion energy gain factor
In a deck of playing cards, Q is used to mark each of the queens.
In publishing, Q is a British music magazine; see Q magazine
In radiotelegraphy and amateur radio, the Q code is a set of three-letter code signals.
In science fiction, Q is a character from the Q Continuum in several Star Trek spin-off series; see Q (Star Trek).
In Scientology, Q refers to a "common denominator" of subsidiary information which forms a "pyramid of data" (from Scientology 0-8).
In statistics, the Q Test helps in the decision to retain or discard questionable datum.
In Taiwanese Mandarin slang, Q means "flexible." (The Roman letter is used.)
In television, Q TV is a music video channel from the same people who produce Q magazine.
In British television, Q is a character (Nancy "Q" Cunard de Longchamps) portrayed by Rula Lenska from the BBC series the Rock Follies.
In video games, Q is a character in Capcom's Street Fighter series of fighting games.
In economics, Q is usually used to represent quantity.
Q was the name for a number of comedy series written by and starring Spike Milligan
Q is an acronym for queue
Q is an acronym for "queer", an appropriation of the historically pejorative word, now used neutrally or positively by those who strongly reject traditional gender identities.
Q is another name of the Panasonic Q multimedia console,a hybrid of a DVD player and a GameCube.
Q is the nickname for Quentin Richardson.
Q is the commonly used abbreviation for the Greek telecom operator Q-telecom
Q is an IRC-service (bot on the popular IRC-network QuakeNet.
Q is a 1982 movie about Quetzalcoatl in Manhattan
Q (emulator), a Mac OS X emulator of a multitude of operating systems, including Windows

Q trivia

Q is the only letter that does not appear in any US state name
The James Bond character Q (see Q (James Bond)) appears in every film except Live and Let Die and Dr. No. It has also been announced that he will not appear in the 2006 Bond film, Casino Royale.
People connected to an IRC-network with usermode +q are immune to bans, kicks and akicks.