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This article is about architectural light fixtures. For stage lighting, refer to lighting fixture.
A chandelier light fixture

A light fixture is an electrical device used to create artificial light or illumination in architecture. A complete lighting fixture unit consists of the light source or lamp, the reflector for directing the light, an aperture (with or without a lens), the outer shell or housing for lamp alignment and protection, a electrical ballast, if required, and connection to a power source. A wide variety of special light fixtures are created for use in the automotive industry, aerospace, marine and medicine.

Light fixtures are classified by how the fixture is installed, the light function or lamp type.

Contents

  • 1 Fixture types
  • 2 Light fixture functions
  • 3 Lamp types
  • 4 Light fixture controls
  • 5 See also

Fixture types

  • Free-standing or portable -- table lamps and office task lights
  • Recessed light fixture -- the protective housing is concealed behind a ceiling or wall
    • "Cans" with a variety of lamps
    • Troffer light -- recessed fluorescent lights
  • Surface-mounted light -- the finished housing is exposed
    • Chandelier
  • Pendant light -- suspended from the ceiling with a chain or pipe
  • Indirect lighting -- light reflects off the ceiling for general illumination
  • Cove light -- recessed into the ceiling in a long box against a wall
  • Track light fixture -- individual fixtures (track "heads") can be positioned anywhere along the track, which provides electric power.
  • Under-cabinet light -- mounted below kitchen wall cabinets
  • Pole or stantion mounted -- for landscape and roadways
  • High bay/Low bay lighting -- typically used for general lighting for industrial buildings
  • Strip lights or industrial lights -- often long lines of fluorescent lamps used in a warehouse or factory
  • Emergency lighting or Exit light -- connected to a battery or to an electric circuit that has backup power if the main power fails

Light fixture functions

  • Accent light
  • Background light
  • Blacklight
  • Downlight
  • Emergency light
  • Flood light
  • Safelight
  • Safety lamp
  • Sconce
  • Searchlight
  • Security lighting
  • Step light
  • Street light
  • Strobe light
  • Spotlight
  • Torch lamp or torchiere
  • Landscape or outdoor lighting
  • Nightlight
  • Wallwasher

Lamp types

  • Fuel lamps
Betty lamp, butter lamp, carbide lamp, gas lighting, kerosene lamp, oil lamp, rush light, torch, candle
  • Arc lamps
Carbide lamp, Safety lamps: Davy lamp & Gordie lamp, Xenon arc lamp, Yablochkov candle
  • Incandescent lamp
A-lamp, Parabolic reflector lamp (PAR), Reflector lamp (R), Bulged reflector lamp (BR) (Refer to lamp bases)
  • Obsolite types: Limelight, Carbon button lamp, Mazda (light bulb), Nernst glower
  • Novelty: Blacklight, Lava lamp
  • Special purpose: Heat lamp, Nernst lamp, HQI
  • Halogen - special class of incandescent lamps
  • Gas discharge lamp and High-Intensity Discharge lamp (HID)
Mercury-vapor lamp, Ceramic Discharge Metal Halide lamp, Metal-halide, Sodium vapor or "high pressure sodium", HMI
  • Neon sign, Plasma lamp
  • Fluorescent
Linear fluorescent, Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL)
  • Fiber optics
  • Induction lamp
  • Light-Emitting Diode (LED) (Solid state lighting)
  • Nuclear: Betalight/Traser, Radium paint, Cherenkov radiation

Light fixture controls

  • Dimmer

See also

  • Architectural lighting design
  • History of street lighting in the United States
  • Lighting designer for the theater.
  • Timeline of lighting technology


Sources of light / lighting:

Natural/prehistoric light sources:

Bioluminescence | Celestial objects | Lightning | Polar auroras

Combustion-based light sources:

Acetylene/Carbide lamps | Candles | Davy lamps | Fire | Gas lighting | Kerosene lamps | Lanterns | Limelights | Oil lamps | Rushlights

Direct chemical light sources:

Chemoluminescence (Lightsticks)

Nuclear light sources:

Self-powered lighting | Cherenkov radiation

Electric light sources:

Arc lamps | Incandescent light bulbs | Fluorescent lamps

High-intensity discharge light sources:

Ceramic Discharge Metal Halide lamps | HMI lamps | Mercury-vapor lamps | Metal halide lamps | Sodium vapor lamps | Xenon arc lamps

Other light sources:

Blacklight lamps | Carbon button lamp | Electroluminescent (EL) lamps | Globar | Hollow cathode lamp | Inductive lighting | Lasers | Discrete LEDs/Solid State Lighting (LEDs) | Neon and argon lamps | Nernst lamp | Sonoluminescence | Sulfur lamp | Synchrotron | Xenon flash lamps | Yablochkov candles


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