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This article is about the sports occupation. For other meanings, see Jockey (disambiguation).

In sports, a jockey is one who rides horses in thoroughbred horse racing or steeplechase racing, primarily as a profession.

Contents

  • 1 Word history
  • 2 Horse racing
  • 3 Camel jockeys
  • 4 See also
  • 5 Sources and references

Word history

The word is by origin a diminutive of "Jock," the Northern or Scots colloquial equivalent of the first name "John", which is also used generically for "boy, fellow" (compare Jack, Dick), at least since 1529. A familiar instance of the use of the word as a name is in "Jockey of Norfolk" in Shakespeare's Richard III. v. 3, 304.

In the 16th and 17th centuries the word was applied to horse-dealers, postilions, itinerant minstrels and vagabonds, and thus frequently bore the meaning of a cunning rickster, a "sharp," whence the verb to jockey, "to outwit, or "to do" a person out of something.

The current equstrian usage is found in John Evelyn's Diary, 1670, when it was clearly well known. George Sorrow's attempt to derive the word from the gipsy chukni, a heavy whip used by horse-dealing gipsies, has no foundation.

Horse racing

Toulouse-Lautrec - The Jockey (1899)

Jockeys are nominated by horse trainers to ride their horses in races, usually for a fee (which is paid regardless of the prize money the horse earns for a race).

Jockeys usually start out when they are young, riding trackwork in the morning for trainers, and entering the riding profession as an apprentice jockey. An apprentice jockey is known as a "bug boy" because the asterisk that follows the name in the program looks like a bug. All jockeys must be licensed and usually are not able to have an interest in a bet on a race. An apprentice jockey has a master, which is a horse trainer, and also is allowed to "claim" weight off the horse's back (if a horse were to carry 58 kg, and the apprentice was able to claim 3 kg, the horse would only have to carry 55 kg on its back). After a while, the jockey becomes a senior jockey and would usually develop relationships with trainers and individual horses.

Famous jockeys include Sir Gordon Richards, Willie Shoemaker, Eddie Arcaro, Laffit Pincay, Jr., Russell Baze, Lester Piggott, Frankie Dettori and Tony McCoy.

Various awards are given annually by organizations affiliated with the sport of thoroughbred racing in countries throughout the world. They include:

  • United States
    • George Woolf Memorial Jockey Award
    • Isaac Murphy Award
  • United Kingdom
    • BHB Champion Jockey Award

Camel jockeys

To replace child jockeys whose use had been deplored by human rights organizations, a camel race in Doha, Qatar for the first time featured robots at the reins. On July 13, 2005, workers fixed robotic jockeys on the backs of seven camels and raced the machine-mounted animals around a track. Operators controlled the jockeys remotely, signaling them to pull their reins and prod the camels with whips. [1]

See also

  • List of jockeys
  • Thoroughbred horse racing
  • U.S. National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame

Sources and references

(incomplete)

  • This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
  • Etymology Online

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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "jockey".