misspelledsearch.com:

centrifuge

information page

If you cannot find the information you are searching for on this page, we suggest searching Google with the correct spelling "centrifuge":

A laboratory centrifuge tabletop centrifuge

A centrifuge is a piece of equipment that puts a substance in rotation around a fixed axis in order for the centrifugal force to separate a fluid from a fluid or from a solid substance. Generally, a motor drives the rotary motion of the sample. There are many different kinds of centrifuges, often for very specialised purposes.

Theory

Protocols for centrifugation typically specify the amount of acceleration to be applied to the sample, rather than specifying a rotational speed such as revolutions per minute. The acceleration is often specifed in multiples of g, the acceleration due to gravity on Earth. This distinction is important because two rotors with different diameters running at the same rotational speed will subject samples to different accelerations.

The acceleration can be calculated as the product of the radius and the square of the angular velocity.

History and predecessors

English military engineer Benjamin Robins (1707-1751) invented a whirling arm apparatus to determine drag, and Antonin Prandl invented the first centrifuge in order to seperate cream from milk to make churning butter much easier.

Different types and uses

• Simple centrifuges are used in biology and biochemistry for isolating and separating biocompounds on the basis of molecular weight. These will tend to rotate at a slower rate than an ultracentrifuge, and have larger rotors, and be optimized for holding large quantities of material at intermediate acceleration.
• Standalone centrifuges for drying (hand-washed) clothes - usually with a water outlet.
• Other centrifuges, the first being the Zippe-type, are used to separate isotopes, and these kinds of centrifuges are in use in nuclear power and nuclear weapon programs.
• The ultracentrifuge is a device invented in 1925 by Theodor Svedberg, which by use of very high acceleration, and allowing the observation of sedimentation rates for macromolecules, allowed for the determination of their approximate molecular weights. Svedberg won the 1926 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his invention.
• Exceptionally large centrifuges are used to test the reactions of pilots and astronauts to acceleration above those experienced in the Earth's gravity.
• In soil mechanics, centrifuges utilize centrifugal acceleration to match soil stresses in a scale model to those found in reality.
• Large industrial centrifuges are commonly used in water and wastewater treatment to dry sludges. The resulting dry product is often termed cake and the water leaving a centrifugal after most of the solids have been removed is called centrate.
• Centrifuges are used in the attraction Mission: SPACE, located at the EPCOT Center in Walt Disney World. Florida, which propels riders using a combination of a centrifuge and a motion simulator to simulate the feeling of going into space.
• Centrifuges are used to enrich uranium. The heavier U238 isotopes in the UF6 gas tend to concentrate at the walls of the centrifuge as it spins. Scoops are placed inside the centrifuge to selectively separate the U238 and U235 isotopes.

Use and safety

The load in a laboratory centrifuge must be carefully balanced. Small differences in mass of the load can result in a large force imbalance when the rotor is at high speed. This force imbalance strains the spindle and may result in damage to centrifuge or personal injury.

Centrifuge rotors should never be touched while moving, because a spinning rotor can cause serious injury. Modern centrifuges generally have features that prevent accidental contact with a moving rotor.

Because of the kinetic energy stored in the rotor head, those who have experienced an ultracentrifuge's losing a rotor compare the experience to having a bomb explode nearby.

See also

• Centrifugation
• Gas centrifuge

External links

This centrifuge index site has been developed to help wayward users find the information they are looking for, no matter how they are mistakenly spelled or mistyped. This site is designed to help users find centrifuge information for the following query variants:

	centrfuge	centrifue	centifuge
cenrifuge	cetrifuge	cntrifuge	centrifge
centriuge	centlifuge	centrlfuge	cemtrifuge
centrifueg	centrifgue	centriufge	centrfiuge
centirfuge	cenrtifuge	cetnrifuge	cnetrifuge
ecntrifuge	centrifug	entrifuge

If you would like to add or correct the content of this site, or if you are interested in supporting the efforts of misspelledsearch.com by placing your product information on these centrifuge pages, please contact mistype@gmail.com for details.